{"id":1900,"date":"2017-04-12T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-04-12T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jeanleon.com\/2017\/04\/12\/escala-1-japo\/"},"modified":"2023-08-11T12:23:43","modified_gmt":"2023-08-11T12:23:43","slug":"escala-1-japo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jeanleon.com\/ca\/escala-1-japo\/","title":{"rendered":"Escala 1: JAP\u00d3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Iniciem la nostra particular volta al m\u00f3n entre vinyes recorrent el Jap\u00f3 m\u00e9s vin\u00edcola, contemporani i ancestral per con\u00e8ixer la seva actual relaci\u00f3 amb el m\u00f3n del vi tan desconeguda com s\u00f2lida.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Jap\u00f3 va ser el primer pa\u00eds asi\u00e0tic en iniciar la ind\u00fastria del vi l&#8217;any 1874. Avui en dia compta amb m\u00e9s de 8000 sommeliers.<\/p>\n<p><b>Malgrat tot, viticultura<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Podria semblar que Jap\u00f3 ho t\u00e9 tot a favor per ser una gran potencia del sector. Per\u00f2 realment no \u00e9s aix\u00ed. Les condicions geogr\u00e0fiques i clim\u00e0tiques fan del pa\u00eds una mena de jard\u00ed de l&#8217;ed\u00e8n ideat per albergar tot el que sigui refinament i eleg\u00e0ncia natural. A excepci\u00f3 de la vinya, que ve limitant el seu cultiu a zones molt particulars del pa\u00eds ja que l&#8217;escassa i valuosa terra cultivable es destina majorit\u00e0riament a la necess\u00e0ria producci\u00f3 d&#8217;arr\u00f2s.<\/p>\n<p><b>Or\u00edgens: Entre budistes i emperadors<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Es t\u00e9 const\u00e0ncia que en la cort de Nara durant el segle VIII es cultivava la vinya i que els monjos budistes van iniciar l&#8217;expansi\u00f3 per tot el pa\u00eds. Tot i aix\u00ed, la ind\u00fastria del vi, entesa d&#8217;una manera contempor\u00e0nia data del 1874. I \u00e9s que, coses de la cort, a voltant del 1870 el govern de l&#8217;\u00e8poca va enviar a Europa a diferents investigadors amb l&#8217;objectiu d&#8217;estudiar m\u00e8todes de cultiu i tornar amb noves vinyes per a la seva adaptaci\u00f3 a les dif\u00edcils condicions de l&#8217;imperi.<\/p>\n<p><b>Varietats, tend\u00e8ncies i producci\u00f3 de vi<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Jap\u00f3 compta actualment amb 20.000 ha de vinyes en tot el pa\u00eds. Aquest factor es veu relativitzat quan observem que molts dels m\u00e9s importants elaboradors del pa\u00eds compten, com a molt, amb dos o tres hect\u00e0rees en propietat i la majoria al centre. D&#8217;aqu\u00ed que el volum d&#8217;importacions de vi i most sigui elevat (tres quartes parts del vi embotellat) per arribar a una producci\u00f3 de 850.000 hectolitres de vi anuals.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les condicions per al cultiu de la vinya varien de forma substancial, ja que les illes que conformen el Jap\u00f3 s&#8217;estenen des dels 24 als 46 graus de la latitud nord.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Actualment s&#8217;elabora vi en 36 de les 47 prefectures, destacant aquelles ubicades en zones centrals i amb baixes taxes de precipitacions de pluja anuals, com ara Yamanashi (ubicaci\u00f3 del Mont Fuji), Nagano, Hokkaido i Yamagata.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les principals varietats cultivades s\u00f3n les aut\u00f2ctones Koshu y Kyoto; els resistents ceps americans Delaware i Niagara; aix\u00ed com les internacionals i camale\u00f2niques cabernet sauvignon, merlot i chardonnay; i altres varietats minorit\u00e0ries.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Koshu \u00e9s una raresa oriental. Estem davant d&#8217;una bella desconeguda que en els seus or\u00edgens s&#8217;utilitzava nom\u00e9s per a la producci\u00f3 de ra\u00efm de taula. Es tracta d&#8217;una varietat rosada amb la qual s&#8217;elaboren vins blancs solvents, delicats i equilibrats. De totes maneres, a vegades necessita que se li afegeixin sucres per a la seva exitosa comercialitzaci\u00f3. \u00c9s una acompanyant habitual del sushi.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Tend\u00e8ncies en femen\u00ed: elles manen<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Pel que fa als consumidors, un estudi del 2014 al\u00b7ludit per la Cambra de Comer\u00e7 Hispano Japonesa ofereix els seg\u00fcents resultats sobre les tend\u00e8ncies de consum a Jap\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">El 58% dels consumidors prefereixen comprar el vi en els supermercats que prendre&#8217;l als bars, com era tradicional.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Quasi la meitat de la poblaci\u00f3 adulta japonesa consumeix vi almenys un cop per setmana.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">El 54% dels consumidors japonesos consideren important o molt important el pa\u00eds d&#8217;origen a l&#8217;hora d&#8217;escollir un vi. Aquest \u00e9s un factor positiu pels vins espanyols.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les principals importacions japoneses per volum, durant el 2015 v\u00e9nen de Xile, Fran\u00e7a, It\u00e0lia i Espanya en el quart lloc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les dones conformen el percentatge m\u00e9s gran de consumidors i compradors de vi: el 55%.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Com a mostra, l&#8217;en\u00f2loga Tanabe Yumi, que dirigeix des de fa m\u00e9s de 20 anys la seva pr\u00f2pia escola d&#8217;enologia i ha transm\u00e8s els seus coneixements a 10.000 sommeliers. A m\u00e9s, \u00e9s presidenta del \u00abSakura\u00bb Japan Women&#8217;s Wine Awards, un concurs format i participat \u00fanicament per dones amb l&#8217;objectiu de donar visibilitat al seu saber fer en el sector.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Dades curioses que has de saber sobre la taula japonesa<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kanpai: Significa \u00absalut\u00bb. Es tradueix literalment com \u00abacabar completament el vas\u00bb. S&#8217;ha d&#8217;esperar que alg\u00fa la pronunci\u00ef aquesta paraula per comen\u00e7ar a beure. Per\u00f2 no et preocupis. No \u00e9s necessari que t&#8217;acabis la copa a no ser que alg\u00fa comenci a cantar \u00abIkki, Ikki!\u00bb<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Servir-se beguda es considera groller. En situacions semiformals i formals, normalment tendim a servir als altres i no a un mateix. En el cas de recepcions o esdeveniments de negocis, les persones amb un rang m\u00e9s baix han de servir als que tenen un rang m\u00e9s alt. Incl\u00fas en les empreses m\u00e9s tradicionals, les dones s\u00f3n les que han de servir als homes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Menjar en p\u00fablic \u00e9s negligent: Menjar o beure en espais p\u00fablics com ara el carrer o el tren est\u00e0 molt mal vist i es considera de molt mala educaci\u00f3. Hi ha excepcions molt terrenals&#8230;com menjar un gelat!<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No a les propines. \u00c9s considerat de mala educaci\u00f3 o denigrant. El japon\u00e8s \u00e9s orgull\u00f3s i li pot provocar confusi\u00f3 al cambrer, ja que sempre intentar\u00e0 retornar-li al client. En el cas d&#8217;estar molt satisfet amb el servei s&#8217;aconsella deixar un petit obsequi.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ja per acabar, si t\u2019est\u00e0s plantejant un viatge al pa\u00eds del sol naixent i necessites algunes refer\u00e8ncies que parlin de tu, pren nota:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Qu\u00e8 beure al Jap\u00f3 si ets\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tradicional: Dos dels koshus m\u00e9s admirats del pa\u00eds estan fets amb Grace i Arugabranca. Aconsegueix-los.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sibarita: El merlot de Domaine Sogga va molt buscat i si el trobes, et faran pagar un ull de la cara. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Expert: El Pinot Noir de Takahiko elaborat amb ra\u00efm procedent de Hokkaido \u00e9s un dels vins m\u00e9s complexos i delicats del pa\u00eds. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Curi\u00f3s: En el sud del Jap\u00f3, a Kyushu, s\u2019elabora un rosat lleuger i gol\u00f3s elaborat amb la varietat Campbell Early.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rafa Moreno<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Fonts:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Atlas Mundial del Vino. Hugh Johnson &amp; Jancis Robinson, ed. Blume<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">El Mundo del Vino. Ed. Larousse<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nippon.com\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nippon.com<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sakuraaward.com\/en\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">www.sakuraaward.com\/en\/<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Iniciem la nostra particular volta al m\u00f3n entre vinyes recorrent el Jap\u00f3 m\u00e9s vin\u00edcola, contemporani i ancestral per con\u00e8ixer la seva actual relaci\u00f3 amb el m\u00f3n del vi tan desconeguda com s\u00f2lida. Jap\u00f3 va ser el primer pa\u00eds asi\u00e0tic en iniciar la ind\u00fastria del vi l&#8217;any 1874. Avui en dia compta amb m\u00e9s de 8000 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":589,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1900","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Escala 1: JAP\u00d3 - Jean Leon<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jeanleon.com\/ca\/escala-1-japo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Escala 1: JAP\u00d3 - Jean Leon\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Iniciem la nostra particular volta al m\u00f3n entre vinyes recorrent el Jap\u00f3 m\u00e9s vin\u00edcola, contemporani i ancestral per con\u00e8ixer la seva actual relaci\u00f3 amb el m\u00f3n del vi tan desconeguda com s\u00f2lida. Jap\u00f3 va ser el primer pa\u00eds asi\u00e0tic en iniciar la ind\u00fastria del vi l&#8217;any 1874. 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Jap\u00f3 va ser el primer pa\u00eds asi\u00e0tic en iniciar la ind\u00fastria del vi l&#8217;any 1874. 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